Solar Panel Greenhouse

solar panel greenhouse utilize sun energy to transfer power for greenhouse use

Photovoltaic power generation is a technology that uses the photovoltaic effect of the semiconductor interface to directly convert light energy into electrical energy. The key element of this technology is the solar cell. After the solar cells are connected in series, they can be packaged and protected to form a large-area solar cell module, and then combined with power controllers and other components to form a photovoltaic power generation device

If light shines on the solar cell and the light is absorbed in the interface layer, photons with sufficient energy can excite electrons from covalent bonds in P-type silicon and N-type silicon, resulting in electron-hole pairs. Before recombination, the electrons and holes near the interface layer will be separated from each other by the electric field of space charges. The electrons move to the positively charged N zone and the holes to the negatively charged P zone.

Through the charge separation of the interface layer, an outward testable voltage will be generated between the P area and the N area. At this time, electrodes can be added on both sides of the silicon wafer and connected to a voltmeter. For crystalline silicon solar cells, the typical value of the open circuit voltage is 0.5 to 0.6V. The more electron-hole pairs generated by the light on the interface layer, the greater the current. The more light energy the interface layer absorbs, the larger the interface layer, that is, the larger the cell area, and the greater the current formed in the solar cell.

principle

The photovoltaic power generation system is composed of a square array of solar cells, battery packs, charge and discharge controllers, inverters, AC power distribution cabinets, sun tracking control systems and other equipment. The role of some of its equipment is:

Battery phalanx

In the presence of light (whether it is the sun or the light produced by other luminous bodies), the battery absorbs light energy, and the accumulation of different signs of charge appears at both ends of the battery, that is, a "photo-generated voltage" is generated, which is the "photovoltaic effect". Under the action of the photovoltaic effect, the two ends of the solar cell generate electromotive force to convert light energy into electric energy, which is an energy conversion device. Solar cells are generally silicon cells, which are divided into monocrystalline silicon solar cells, polycrystalline silicon solar cells and amorphous silicon solar cells.

Battery pack

Its function is to store the electric energy generated by the solar cell array when it is exposed to light and can supply power to the load at any time. The basic requirements of solar cell power generation for the battery pack used are: a. Low self-discharge rate; b. Long service life; c. Strong deep discharge capability; d. High charging efficiency; e. Low maintenance or no maintenance; f. Operating temperature Wide range; g. Low price.

Controller

It is a device that can automatically prevent the battery from overcharging and overdischarging. Since the number of cycles of charging and discharging of the battery and the depth of discharge are important factors that determine the service life of the battery, a charge and discharge controller that can control the overcharge or overdischarge of the battery pack is an indispensable device.

Inverter

It is a device that converts direct current into alternating current. Since solar cells and storage batteries are DC power sources,

When the load is an AC load, the inverter is essential. According to the operation mode, the inverter can be divided into independent operation inverter and grid-connected inverter. The stand-alone inverter is used in the stand-alone solar cell power generation system to supply power to the independent load. Grid-connected inverters are used for grid-connected solar cell power generation systems. According to the output waveform, the inverter can be divided into square wave inverter and sine wave inverter. The square wave inverter has a simple circuit and low cost, but has a large harmonic component. It is generally used in systems with a few hundred watts or less and low harmonic requirements. The sine wave inverter is expensive, but it can be applied to various loads.

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