film greenhouse types

Agricultural production is increasingly inseparable from greenhouses. Greenhouses can not only resist natural disasters and droughts and floods, but can also be planted earlier or later to prolong the growth period of crops, so as to achieve the purpose of early maturity, late maturity, increased and stable production, and are very popular among farmers.
Due to the different climates and applications in various places, the specifications of greenhouses are also different. Let's introduce the most common greenhouse types at present, talk about their advantages and disadvantages, and help friends choose the applicable greenhouse more reasonably.

Solar greenhouse

Solar greenhouses are currently mainly divided into earth wall solar greenhouses and brick wall solar greenhouses. The third new type of solar greenhouse recently developed in Shouguang, Shandong is actually an improvement on the basis of the earth wall solar greenhouse.

1. Earth wall solar greenhouse

Applicable: Off-season cultivation of high-value vegetables and other crops.

Specifications: The span of the earth-wall solar greenhouse is generally 10-15 meters. The wall structure is built with soil multiple times. It is generally covered with 10-15-wire double-proof drip-free longevity film. At present, the skeleton of the shed is mostly welded with all-steel frames. The structure and insulation materials generally use greenhouse insulation quilts of 4-6 catties per square meter, and the insulation quilts are pulled and placed by rolling shutters.

Advantages: lower cost, better insulation and heat storage effect in winter greenhouses, and lower maintenance costs in later use.

Disadvantages: The wall occupies a large area, which affects the net planting area of ​​the greenhouse, and has certain requirements for soil quality; if the wall is not properly protected, it is easy to be washed by rain and snow and affect the service life.

2. Brick wall solar greenhouse

Application: cultivation of vegetables, edible fungi, flowers, fruit trees, etc.

Specifications: The span of the brick wall solar greenhouse is 8-16 meters. The wall structure is made of red bricks or concrete foam bricks. The wall thickness is generally 0.37-1 meter. The other structures are basically the same as the earth wall solar greenhouse. It consists of an all-steel frame, a covering film, a thermal insulation quilt, and a rolling shutter machine.

Advantages: The brick wall structure is strong and durable, and its service life can reach 20-25 years; it has a high utilization rate of land and strong regional applicability, especially suitable for construction in areas with complex geology, low water level, and where it is impossible to build earth walls.

Disadvantages: Due to the brick wall structure, the cost of greenhouses is higher than that of solar greenhouses with earth walls, and the return on investment period is longer.

3. New solar greenhouse

Applicable: Used in high value-added industries such as scientific research experiments, breeding and seedling raising, and exhibitions.

Specifications: The overall structure is consistent with the traditional solar greenhouse, with a span of more than 15 meters. The wall part is built with earth wall, and then reinforced with cement mortar; the frame of the greenhouse is made of hot-dip galvanized rectangular tube and circlip slot, and the rest is the same as the earth wall solar greenhouse.

Advantages: The wall is reinforced with cement mortar, which reduces the risk of collapse, and the durability and service life are increased by more than 5-10 years; the film on the shed surface is fixed by a circlip slot, and it is more convenient to replace the film in the future; the span is large, the space is large, and it can be configured Advanced equipment such as mobile seedbeds and mobile sprinkler irrigation.

Disadvantages: The wall occupies a large area and the cost is high, which reduces the cost performance of the solar greenhouse.

Based on the comparison of the three solar greenhouses, it can be seen that the cost of the earth wall solar greenhouse is lower, and the cost of later use and maintenance is lower. It is the most cost-effective among the three solar greenhouses. For places with relatively abundant land, earth wall solar greenhouses can be preferred for construction.

 

1. single tunnel greenhouse

Single-story sheds are also called arched plastic sheds and spring and autumn sheds. At present, they are mainly divided into three types: concrete column sheds, steel pipe simple sheds, and new high-temperature sheds. Among them, the cement column and the steel pipe arch shed are low-temperature greenhouses, which are suitable for spring and autumn production; the new high-temperature arch sheds have added thermal insulation measures such as thermal insulation quilts, and the effect of heat preservation and heat storage inside the greenhouse is better. They are high-temperature greenhouses and can meet the production needs of low-temperature crops in winter .

1. Cement column greenhouse

Applicable: spring and autumn cultivation of economic crops such as vegetables and flowers.

Specifications: The span of the arch shed with cement columns is generally 16-24 meters. The skeleton structure is a mixture of steel pipes and bamboo poles, with 1 or 1.2 inch hot-dip galvanized steel pipes as the main arch frame, cement columns as supports, and then covered with greenhouse film.

Advantages: The cost of this kind of greenhouse is relatively low, and the land use is more flexible. A greenhouse can be built on a smaller plot.

Disadvantages: Due to the relatively simple skeleton structure, the ability to resist wind and snow is weak; there are columns in the room, which affects the internal operating space.
2. Simple steel greenhouse

Applicable: spring and autumn vegetables, fruits, flowers, edible fungi cultivation.

Configuration: The span is generally 8-14 meters. The skeleton is all assembled and welded by hot-dip galvanized steel pipes or rectangular pipes. There are manual film rolls and insect-proof nets on both sides of the greenhouse.

Advantages: low cost, high strength of the overall skeleton structure, and high land utilization rate.

Disadvantages: The thermal insulation and heat storage capacity is weak, which cannot meet the production needs in winter.
3. New high temperature greenhouse

Applicable: Cultivation of crops that do not require high temperature in winter.

Configuration: The new high-temperature arch shed is developed on the basis of the simple steel arch shed, and the span can reach more than 20 meters; it adopts a reinforced skeleton structure, and generally uses 1.5-inch or more than 2-inch hot-dip galvanized steel pipes or oval pipes to process the skeleton; There are two roller blind machines on the top of the greenhouse, and the shed surface is covered with special greenhouse insulation quilts to improve the insulation effect of the greenhouse in winter.

Advantages: large internal space, simple and convenient maintenance and operation, certain heat preservation effect in winter, and can carry out production in four seasons.

Disadvantages: The cost is high, and it can only meet the growth needs of low-temperature plants.

To sum up, it can be seen that the arch shed has the advantages of low greenhouse cost, high land utilization rate, and easy management. It is suitable for the cultivation of vegetables, fruits, flowers, edible fungi and other crops in spring and autumn. The high-temperature arch shed can also be used for succulents, flowers, etc. High value-added Overwinter cultivation protection of crops.

multi-span greenhouse

Multi-span greenhouses are constructed on the basis of single-span sheds, and are generally divided into simple multi-span sheds and high-equipped multi-span sheds. Multi-span arch sheds are currently mainly used in production-oriented greenhouses such as breeding and seedling cultivation, flower production, aquaculture, medicinal materials, and edible fungus cultivation.

1. Simple multi-span greenhouse

Application: Cultivation of high-value vegetables, flowers, medicinal materials, edible fungi, etc. in spring and autumn.

Configuration: Its skeleton adopts hot-dip galvanized rectangular or round pipes, with a gutter on the top and ventilation windows, which is the same as the basic structure of the shed.

Advantages: large internal space, suitable for large-scale and factory operations, and high land utilization rate.

Disadvantages: The cost of greenhouses is high, the cooling efficiency is low in summer, and the requirements for drainage are high.
2. High-end multi-span arch greenhouse

Applicable to: three-dimensional cultivation, flower cultivation, aquatic seedling cultivation, seedling cultivation, scientific research, etc.

Specifications: The high-end multi-span arch shed is an upgraded version of the simple multi-span greenhouse, adding internal and external sunshade, wet curtain fan cooling, side-turning window ventilation, heating and heat preservation and other systems.

Advantages: It overcomes the problems of cooling in summer and heat preservation in winter, especially after adding double-layer film, it can effectively improve the heat preservation effect of the greenhouse in winter and reduce the operating cost in winter.

Disadvantages: The cost of greenhouses is relatively high, which is suitable for industries with high economic benefits; under the premise of not adding double-layer films, the insulation effect in winter is relatively general.