What is the method to make soil compaction loose?

What is the method to make soil compaction loose?
The soil lacks organic matter for a long time, and is mainly based on chemical fertilizers. The soil is relatively dry, mechanical land preparation is carried out when the soil is humid, and excessive rolling and other reasons cause poor soil permeability, which is more likely to cause soil compaction and affect the normal growth of crops. The compacted soil needs to be improved before it can gradually restore its loose and breathable properties, allowing the roots of crops to more easily penetrate and stretch. To improve soil compaction, the following methods are generally used:

1. Increase the amount of fertilizers rich in organic matter. Organic matter is more conducive to improving the elastic structure of the soil, increasing the air permeability of the soil, and enhancing the ability of the soil to retain water and fertilizer. The land that attaches importance to the use of organic fertilizers rarely has compaction. The working people in rural areas of my country, who mainly engage in agricultural production, have had the habit of accumulating farmyard manure since ancient times. Farmyard manure is a fertilizer rich in organic matter. It can provide more comprehensive nutrition for crops, increase the organic matter content in the soil, and improve the looseness of the soil.
However, farmyard manure is only beneficial after it is fully decomposed. Farmyard manure that is not fully decomposed is harmful. Farmyard manure mainly includes livestock and poultry manure, crop straw, various cake fertilizers, etc. Returning corn straw to the field is also an effective way to increase the organic matter content in the soil. It is an effective way to break the soil compaction and improve soil fertility for a long time.

2. Planting green manure. Green manure can be crushed and buried in the soil before flowering. It can significantly increase the content of organic matter and the content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the soil. The common green manure alfalfa is the first choice. In fact, as long as the green plants are crushed and buried in the soil before they become seeds, the organic matter content of the soil can be increased.

3.deep plowing and loosening the soil, deep plowing should break the bottom layer of the plow to improve the air permeability of the soil. Deep loosening can reach about 50 centimeters.
4. Release earthworms and apply fertilizers rich in organic matter. Then release about 100-200 kg of earthworms per mu of land. The more earthworms you release, the faster the soil will be improved. When releasing earthworms, you need to pay attention to providing them with food sources, such as various decomposed manure, leaves, and crushed straw. Because earthworms are of different species and sizes, the larger the individual earthworms, the heavier the weight you will put in.

The most direct way to improve soil is to add fully decomposed farmyard manure, which has lower investment costs and better effects on improving soil looseness and fertility. Fermenting high-quality organic fertilizer by yourself has the benefit of reducing costs. When mixing the pile, it is best to add EM bacteria to increase the fermentation speed.
Simply using crop straw for fermentation takes a long time, and the fertilizer effect is far less good than adding livestock and poultry manure. You can mix livestock and poultry manure with crushed crop straw, pile it up in a high place, cover it with plastic film, and turn it over every 10 days or so to make the manure ferment and decompose more evenly. The amount of fermented organic fertilizer per mu of land can be controlled between 3 and 5 cubic meters. When combined with cake fertilizer, it is more conducive to loosening the soil and lasting fertilizer effect.