Greenhouse construction

greenhouse shippment

As one of the equipment and means of agricultural production, the greenhouse industry is an industry between structural buildings and production facilities. The main structure of the greenhouse is similar to the light steel structure building in the building, but as an agricultural production equipment, its design is based on practicality and safety.

1. Differences in acceptance standards between greenhouse engineering and construction engineering

The greenhouse construction and installation project is similar to the construction project, the project cost and scale are small, but the acceptance criteria of the two are significantly different. The acceptance standards of construction projects are complete, with clear categories and steps. The differences between them and the acceptance standards of greenhouse installation projects are mainly reflected in the following three aspects:

1. A greenhouse is not only a building, but also a production or test facility. The greenhouse must first meet the requirements of the building, but due to the differences in climate in different regions, the characteristics of plants, and the use of the greenhouse, when building a greenhouse, the requirements for the structure and supporting facilities of the greenhouse are different. The requirements for facilities and equipment in the greenhouse are not reflected in the acceptance criteria for construction projects.

2. Some of the facilities and equipment used in the greenhouse, transmission mechanisms, etc., are patented products of other companies, or non-standard products designed according to special requirements. The design and installation of these products have their own characteristics, and cannot apply uniform standards.

3. As an agricultural production facility, when investing in the construction of greenhouses, it pays more attention to its cost-effectiveness. The main frame is generally designed according to the service life of about 20 years, and cheap covering materials such as film and ordinary glass are often used. However, in the installation specification of construction projects, there is no specific acceptance standard for covering materials commonly used in greenhouses such as film and ordinary glass, and these covering materials are precisely the covering materials commonly used in domestic and foreign greenhouses.

2. Relevant standards for acceptance of greenhouse projects

Combined with the acceptance standards of the construction industry, the greenhouse acceptance should first use the national standards and industry standards issued by the state, and secondly, the acceptance should be carried out according to the climate characteristics of the greenhouse construction site, the characteristics of the crops in the greenhouse and the specific requirements of the greenhouse. For the acceptance of non-standard products and patented products used in the greenhouse, reference can be made to the enterprise standards related to the products.

1. National standard

National standards for acceptance of greenhouse projects:

1) GB/T18622-2002 "Design Load of Greenhouse Structure"

2) GB/T18621-2002 "Code for Design of Greenhouse Ventilation and Cooling";

3) GBJ85-85 "Technical Specification for Irrigation Engineering"

4) GB/T18025-2000 "Electrical Equipment and Wiring of Electric or Electronically Controlled Irrigation Machinery for Agricultural Irrigation Technology".

2. Machinery industry standard

Mechanical industry standards for acceptance of greenhouse projects:

1) JB/T10288—2001 "Multi-span Greenhouse Structure"

2) JB/T10286-2001 "Solar Greenhouse Structure"

3) JB/T10294-2001 "Wet Pad Cooling Device"

4) JB/T10297-2001 "Code for Design of Greenhouse Heating System";

5) JB/T10296-2001 "Specification for Design of Electrical Wiring in Greenhouse";

6) JB/T10306-2001 "Code for Design of Greenhouse Control System".

3. Water conservancy industry standards

Water conservancy industry standards for acceptance of greenhouse projects:

1) SL207-98 "Technical Specification for Water-Saving Irrigation"

2) SL103-95 "Technical Specifications for Micro Irrigation Engineering"

3) SL236-1999 "Technical Management Regulations for Micro-irrigation and Sprinkler Irrigation".

3. Acceptance method of greenhouse construction project

3. Acceptance method of greenhouse construction project

Taking the existing national standards and industry standards for greenhouse acceptance standards as the yardstick, during the acceptance process, the methods and steps of construction project acceptance can be appropriately applied to conduct step-by-step and zone-by-step acceptance.

1. Acceptance by category

The entire greenhouse project is divided into three parts: civil construction part, structural part and supporting facilities for acceptance. The civil engineering part mainly includes the greenhouse foundation, ancillary houses, pools and other civil engineering works, which can be checked and accepted in strict accordance with the construction standards. The structural part of the greenhouse includes the main body of the greenhouse, covering materials, internal and external shading systems, etc., which can be checked with reference to the existing standards for greenhouse acceptance and the actual conditions of the greenhouse construction site, with reference to local standards for acceptance. The sprinkler irrigation system (water system) in the supporting facilities can be designed, constructed and accepted with reference to the "Technical Specifications for Sprinkler Irrigation Engineering" issued by the Ministry of Water Resources as a standard.

For greenhouses with many electrical control equipment, large electrical control systems and high degree of automation, the power distribution system can be checked and accepted in strict accordance with building standards; for greenhouses with relatively simple electrical control systems, you can refer to the corresponding greenhouse industry standards for acceptance. .

For the supporting equipment, such as movable seedbed, heating machine, fan-wet curtain cooling system, mobile sprinkler truck, seeding equipment, etc., the equipment acceptance method can be adopted, and the performance and brand of the equipment can be determined according to the design requirements or the bidding document of the winning bidder. acceptance of the statement.

2. Step-by-step acceptance

For a single greenhouse or a small-scale greenhouse project, the acceptance process is basically the same as that of a construction project, which is to complete a part, accept a part, and finally conduct a comprehensive acceptance of the entire project according to the acceptance of the sub-projects. For the acceptance of sub-projects, all sub-projects can be classified according to the classification method, and then classified and accepted according to the design requirements and standards.

For large-scale greenhouse projects, such as the construction of an entire park or group of greenhouses, the entire project can be divided into several areas for construction and acceptance. This can not only strictly ensure the quality of the entire greenhouse project, meet the design and use requirements, but also make the acceptance standards to be based on, facilitate the sorting of acceptance data, and reduce disputes during construction.

For the acceptance of greenhouse projects, different regions and different units have accumulated some effective experience with their own characteristics, but for the entire greenhouse industry, the imperfect acceptance standards are the main reason for the embarrassment of the acceptance of greenhouse projects. Gradually improving the design and acceptance standards of greenhouses will play a positive role in promoting the development of my country's greenhouse industry and the development of the entire agriculture and rural areas.